DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.05.175 Corpus ID: 269999242; Reducing bentonite usage in iron ore pelletization through a novel polymer-type binder: Impact on pellet induration and metallurgical properties

Oman has a strategic location, as it is geographically close to Europe, Asia and Africa, and its deep-water port can accommodate our large vessels. As a result, we are able to distribute 40 million tons of iron ore and pellets each year.

Bentonite, as the main binder for pellets, cannot undergo thermal decomposition during the smelting process and mostly remains in the pellets, leading to a decrease in the iron grade of the ...

Binders improve pellet green strength in the production of iron ore concentrate pellets. And the one that solves the purpose is Sodium Bentonite clay, which has higher water plate absorption along with superior Thermal Stability. Elements–Binder. Highly absorbent, expandable and very fine particle disperses readily in water, resulting with ...

A brief introduction to recent developments in iron ore pelletizing is provided in this chapter, including the world output of fired pellets, pellet production processes, preparation of pellet feed, inorganic and organic binders, and new additives. ... Oman: 40.119: 43.091: 44.415: Cliffs: USA, Canada: 32.446: 34.892: 33.068: Samarco: Brazil ...

PDF | On Jul 11, 2018, Sandra Lúcia de Moraes and others published Iron Ore Pelletizing Process: An Overview | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate

Iron ore, water and the corresponding binder were mixed and rolled in a pelletizing disk to form green pellets. The green pellets were dried and subsequently indurated in a furnace at 1200 ℃ to ...

The use of conventional bentonite binder is favorable in terms of mechanical and metallurgical pellet properties, however, because of its acid constituents bentonite is considered as impurity especially for iron ores with high acidic content. Therefore, alternative binders to bentonite have been tested. Organic binders are the most studied …

Bentonite is the most common binder used in iron ore pelletisation owing to its good bonding properties in green and dry pellets at both ambient and elevated temperatures. However, due to its high alumina and silica content, it increases the slag volume and energy consumption in downstream processes. Organic binders may be …

While interacting with the water, bentonite clay expands and becomes sticky. This property allows to effectively use it as a binder for the production of pellets from iron ore concentrate (wet, crushed iron ore that has been beneficiated). Pellets are used in blast-furnace redistribution and electrometallurgical production.

Iron ore pellets not only have excellent metallurgical and mechanical properties but are also essential raw materials for improving iron and steel smelting in the context of the increasing global ...

However, the microstructure of bentonite in wet iron ore pellets might differ from that observed in a pure aqueous suspension of bentonite because of the mechanical action during balling and the use of processing water. In addition, machining green iron ore pellets to dimensions applicable for HPF ~,500 mm! is difficult and may change its ...

In the production of iron ore concentrate pellets, binders are required to improve pellet green strength.The most popular binder for this purpose is bentonite clay, which is added at a rate of approximately 0.5–1.0% by weight of moist concentrate. Bentonite is a significant cost item in iron ore pelletization, and also contributes …

Bentonite is the most widely used binder in iron ore pelletizing. The use of bentonite is favorable in terms of physical, mechanical and metallurgical pellet qualities, however, …

PELLETIZING OF IRON ORE Due to its water absorption capacity and colloidal property, bentonite is used as a binding additive to convert iron ore fines into pellets Through this process, iron ore fines are converted into spherical pellets, suitable as feed material in blast furnaces for pig iron production, or in the production of direct reduction iron .

Outotec has signed an agreement for the delivery of engineering and key equipment for an iron ore Grate Kiln pellet plant to Vulcan Pelletizing LLC. The …

Sodium-activated calcium bentonite is used as a binder in iron ore pellets and is known to increase strength of both wet and dry iron ore green pellets. In this article, the microstructure of bentonite in magnetite pellets is revealed for the first time using scanning electron microscopy. The micros …

The transformation from traditional iron- and steelmaking technologies to green H2-based new technologies will require an improvement in the quality and purity of iron ore burden materials. Iron ore pellets are essential inputs for producing direct reduced iron (DRI), but the conventional binders, used in iron ore pelletizing, introduce …

The microstructure of bentonite in magnetite pellets is revealed for the first time using scanning electron microscopy and it is shown that clay tactoids were very well dispersed and formed a voluminous network occupying the space available between mineral particles. Abstract Sodium-activated calcium bentonite is used as a binder in …

Our iron ore pelletizing systems combine the best features of both technologies to provide the most modern plant and to produce pellets at the lowest cost and highest quality. ... The iron is usually ground to a very fine level and mixed with limestone or dolomite as a fluxing agent and bentonite or organic binders as a binding agent. If the ...

Green iron ore pellets are nearly spherical agglomerates produced in balling discs or drums from a mixture of fine iron ore concentrate, agglomerating agents and water [1].

The pelletizing process mostly uses high-grade iron ore such as magnetite (Fe3O4) as the main raw material, which has been depleted due to the increasing …

When operational in early 2024, Vulcan's plant will be the second such iron ore pelletising project to be in operation in Sohar Port & Freezone. The industrial port is also home to a giant pelletising project of Vale Oman Pelletising Company, an Oman-Brazilian joint venture majority owned by Vale, one of the world's largest mining companies.

Applying the new theoretical knowledge gained during the past decade to practical balling in an iron ore pelletizing plant requires knowledge of the degree of liquid saturation in green pellets. Many of the above-mentioned studies have actually been done at low saturations (< 90%), which is not expected to be the case in iron ore balling. Also ...

Product information. Iop bentonite is available at the most competitive price and has beenwidely appriceated by the client. iop grade bentonite is extraodinary solution for iron ore pellet binding. the iron ore …

fired pellet mechanical strengths of organic binders-bonded pellets. Bentonite is considered as a chemical impurity for pellet chemistry due to acid constituents (SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3). Especially addition of silica-alumina bearing binders is detrimental for iron ore concentrate with high acidic content.

When operational in early 2024, Vulcan's plant will be the second such iron ore pelletising project to be in operation in Sohar Port & Freezone. The industrial port is …

When operational, by around the end of 2023, Vulcan's plant will be the second such iron ore pelletizing project to be in operation in Sohar Port & Freezone. The industrial port is also home to a giant …

possible to make pellets which meet the standards by adequate addition of type and amount of bentonite. Keywords: bentonite, pelletizing, iron ore concentrate, binder, sodium bicarbonate Introduction Major raw material in iron and steel industry is iron ore which can be classified as high grade and low grade in terms of its Fe content.

1.. IntroductionIron ore pelletization plants in the United States used approximately 612,000 metric tons of bentonite as a binder to produce iron ore concentrate pellets in 2000 (Virta, 2001).It is a major cost item, with individual plants spending US$3–5 million annually for bentonite.